قصه‌گویی و کتاب‌خوانی برای کودکان با نیازهای ویژه

•   آرشیو : نسخه تابستان 1400 - جلد اول
•   کد پذیرش : 11798
•   موضوع : سایر شاخه ها
• نویسنده/گان : | گیتا مولّلی، سیما رزمی، ملیحه خواجوی
•   زبان : فارسی
•   نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
•   چکیده مقاله به فارسی : زمینه و هدف: کتاب‌خوانی و قصه‌گویی می تواند به عنوان روش‌های مهم برای بهبود ارتباطات موثر، همچنین برای بازسازی رابطه بین خانواده‌ها با فرزندان باشد.این امر به طور فعال می تواند والدین را در برقراری ارتباط با فرزندان خود به زبان مشترک، همچنین به والدین برای انتقال از یک زبان عقلانی به یک زبان دارای احساس عاطفی و خیالی یاری می‌رساند . تعامل کودک با والدین حین کتاب‌خوانی باعث فراهم آوردن زمینه سواد ادبی غنی برای محیط مدرسه و خانه می شود و با موفقیت در خواندن همراه است. قصه گویی در سال‌های اولیه برای به دست آوردن مهارت‌های واژگانی، ارتباطی و حافظه بسیار مفید است. قصه‌ها با فراهم آوردن فرصت‌ها و ایجاد بستری برای فروریزی احساسات، تخلیه هیجانی، همانند سازی و بالا بردن درک کودک می‌توانند منبع مهمی در تغییر و بهبود مشکلات و اختلالات کودکان محسوب ‌شوند. به همین دلیل ما در این مقاله به دنبال پاسخ به این سوال هستیم که قصه‌گویی و کتا‌ب‌خوانی در کودکان با نیاز‌های ویژه با چه روش‌هایی صورت می‌گیرد و چگونه موجب ارتقاء عملکرد آنها می‌شود.
  روش بررسی: در این مطالعه، با بررسی پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی گوگل اسکولار، اسکاپوس، ساینس دایرکت و پاپ‌مد و در پایگاه‍‌ های اطلاعاتی فارسی همچون جهاددانشگاهی، ایران مدکس از سال 2000 تا 2021 بررسی گردید و بیش از 60 مقاله بدست آمد. به دنبال بررسی‌های انجام شده و به دلیل عدم دستیابی به متن کامل مقالات به ویژه موارد مربوط به برخی پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی نظیر اسکاپوس، مجبور به حذف تعدادی از این مطالعات شدیم. همچنین پس از مطالعه چکیده مقالات، تعدادی دیگر از مطالعات نیز به دلیل عدم همخوانی به ملاک‌های ورود به مطالعه از روند کار خارج شدند. ملاک‌های ورود عبارتند از مطالعاتی که به بررسی گروه‌های مختلف کودکان با نیازویژه که به شکل‌های مختلف در برنامه‌های مداخله ای کتاب‌خوانی و قصه‌گویی می‌پرداختند. حجم نمونه بررسی شده در هر مطالعه حداقل 10 کودک بوده است و مقالات انتخاب شده نیز به زبان فارسی و انگلیسی و عمدتا از نوع تجربی یا مورد شاهدی بوده است.
  نتیجه‌گیری: استفاده از برنامه های کتاب‌خوانی و به‌خصوص انواع مختلف قصه گویی تاثیر بسیارزیادی بر قشر مختلف کودکان استثنایی دارد و هرچقدر این برنامه در سنین کودکی شروع شود به پیشرفت کودکان استثنایی در حیطه های مختلف اجتماعی، آموزشی ، تحصیلی ، افزایش اعتماد به نفس کمک خواهد کرد.
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•   کلمات کلیدی به فارسی : سواد ادبی، قصه گویی، کتاب‌خوانی، کودکان با نیاز‌های ویژه.
•   چکیده مقاله به انگلیسی : Background and Aim: Reading books and storytelling can be one of the best ways to build effective communication and in most cases to rebuild the relationship between families and children. It can actively help parents communicate with their children in a common language, as well as help parents to move from a rational language to an emotionally imaginative one. They also, in dealing with problems, answering children's problems in other ways, improving literacy and many other areas can be used. In this article, we seek to answer the question of how storytelling and book reading can be helpful in children with different special needs and improve their performance.
  Methods:In this article, by examining the databases of Google Scholar, Scapus, Science Direct and Pabmed, and in Persian databases such as Jihaddaneshgahi, Iran Madax ,Magiran and SID from 2000 to 2021 more than 60 articles were obtained. Following the studies conducted and due to the lack of access to the full text of the articles, especially those related to some databases such as Scapus, we had to omit some of those studies from our review. In addition, after studying the abstracts of articles, a number of other studies excluded from our work process due to non-compliance with the inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were studies that looked at different groups of children with special needs who dealt in different ways in intervention programs of reading and storytelling,the sample size in each study was at least 10 children , the selected articles were in Persian and English and mainly experimental or case study.
  Conclusion: The use of reading programs, especially different types of storytelling, has a tremendous impact on different groups of children with special needs. The sooner this program starts in childhood, the more it improves the development of children with special needs in various social, educational, self-confidence areas.
•   کلمات کلیدی به انگلیسی : Book reading, Children with special needs, Early literac, Storytelling
•  صفحات : 124-144
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