شیوع نشانه‌های اختلال سلوک و اختلال نافرمانی-مقابله‌ای در کودکان با اختلال یادگیری خاص

•   آرشیو : نسخه تابستان 1405 - جلد دوم
•   کد پذیرش : 141222
•   موضوع : روانشناسی تربیتی
• نویسنده/گان : سیدعلی موسوی اصل، مونا ملکی، انسیه خلیل نژادی
•   زبان : فارسی
•   نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
•   چکیده مقاله به فارسی : یکی از انواع اختلالات در کودکان، اختلال سلوک است. کودکان مبتلا به اختلال سلوک که با نقض حقوق دیگران مشخص می شود؛ نسبت به همسالان خود بیشتر در معرض رفتارهای مخرب قرار دارند و بنابراین در معرض خطر افت تحصیلی نیز می‌باشند.
  از طرف دیگر، یکی از اختلالات رایج که اغلب به همراه اختلال سلوک آورده می¬شود؛ اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای است. تشخیص اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای به‌طورکلی بر اساس خلق‌وخو، عصبانیت مداوم یا تحریک‌پذیری، سرکشی و کینه‌توزی است که بار اجتماعی و اقتصادی آن گران می باشد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی شیوع نشانه‌های اختلال سلوک و اختلال نافرمانی_مقابله‌ای در کودکان با اختلال یادگیری خاص می‌باشد که با استفاده از رویکرد کیفی_توصیفی و به روش کتابخانه ای تدوین گشته است و در آن به بررسی مروری نتایج حاصل از پژوهش‌های مرتبط پیشین پرداخته شده است. پس از بررسی پژوهش های مرتبط می توان نتیجه گرفت که در کودکان دارای اختلال یادگیری احتمالا تعامل بین مشکلات شناختی-تحصیلی، ویژگی‌های هیجانی و شخصیتی، و عوامل خانوادگی به صورت همزمان عمل می‌کند. درنتیجه باید مداخلات مؤثر نیز چندسطحی بوده و علاوه بر کودک، خانواده، محیط آموزشی و حتی عوامل زیستی-عصبی را نیز در نظر بگیرند.
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•   کلمات کلیدی به فارسی : اختلال سلوک، اختلال نافرمانی_مقابله‌ای، اختلال یادگیری خاص.
•   چکیده مقاله به انگلیسی : One type of disorder in children is conduct disorder. Children with conduct disorder, which is characterized by violating the rights of others, are more likely to engage in destructive behaviors than their peers and are therefore at risk of academic failure. On the other hand, one of the common disorders that often accompanies conduct disorder is oppositional defiant disorder. The diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder is generally based on temperament, persistent anger or irritability, defiance, and resentment, which has a high social and economic burden. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of symptoms of conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder in children with specific learning disabilities, which was developed using a qualitative-descriptive approach and a library method, and it reviews the results of previous related studies.
  After reviewing relevant research, it can be concluded that in children with learning disabilities, the interaction between cognitive-academic problems, emotional and personality characteristics, and family factors probably operates simultaneously. Consequently, effective interventions should be multi-level and consider not only the child, but also the family, the educational environment, and even biological-neurological factors.
•   کلمات کلیدی به انگلیسی : Conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, specific learning disorder
•  صفحات : 23-32
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