بررسی موانع مهارتی مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی در کودکان و نوجوانان با اختلال طیف اتیسم ایران

•   آرشیو : نسخه بهار 1401 - جلد دوم
•   کد پذیرش : 11868
•   موضوع : سایر شاخه ها
• نویسنده/گان : | سروین سالار، حسن دانشمندی، لورن. جی. لیبرمن، علی کاشی، شهرام شفیعی
•   زبان : فارسی
•   نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
•   چکیده مقاله به فارسی : در عصر حاضر، کم تحرکی از مسائل رایج در میان کودکان و نوجوانان است. کودکان و نوجوانان با اختلال طیف اتیسم نسبت به همتایان غیر اتیسم تمایل کمتری به مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی دارند. هدف از مطالعۀ حاضر بررسی موانع مهارتی مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی کودکان و نوجوانان با اختلال طیف اتیسم ایران است. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی و پیمایشی است. نمونه¬های پژوهش 370 نفر از کودکان و نوجوانان با اختلال طیف اتیسم، سنین 8 تا 20 سال و هر دو جنس از سراسر ایران هستند. از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته موانع مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی کودکان و نوجوانان با اختلال طیف اتیسم (ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 985/0) استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از روش های آمار توصیفی و استنباطی در نرم افزارSPSS23 و اسمارتPLS3 صورت گرفت. از آزمون تی تک نمونه ای برای تعیین نقش عامل مهارتی بر مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد عامل مهارتی به عنوان مانعی برای مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی در کودکان و نوجوانان با اختلال طیف اتیسم است (Sig≤0/001). نتایج آزمون فریدمن نشان داد که گویه «عدم آمادگی جسمانی کافی» با میانگین 36/4 بیشترین اهمیت و گویه «عدم هماهنگی حرکتی کافی» با میانگین 86/2 کمترین اهمیت را دارند. عوامل مهارتی به عنوان مانعی برای مشارکت در فعالیت های بدنی کودکان و نوجوانان با اختلال طیف اتیسم مطرح هستند. لذا به منظور ارتقای مشارکت در فعالیت¬های بدنی در کودکان و نوجوانان با اختلال طیف اتیسم لازم است تا موانع مهارتی مورد توجه قرار گیرند و راهکارهایی جهت غلبه بر آن ها تدوین شود.
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•   کلمات کلیدی به فارسی : اختلال طیف اتیسم، فعالیت بدنی، موانع مشارکت، مهارت، کودکان.
•   چکیده مقاله به انگلیسی : Nowadays, physical inactivity is one of the current crises among children and adolescents. Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders have less intended to participation in physical activities rather than their typically developments peer. The purpose of this study is the investigation skills barriers to participation in physical activity in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. The research method is descriptive and comparative method. The statistical sample includes 370 children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders, in both sex and age 8-20 years from Iran who were selected by cluster sampling. The researcher-made questionnaire for measuring the barriers to participation in physical activity in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.985) were used. For analyzing data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used in SPSS23 and Smart PLS3 software. One-sample t-test used for determining the role of skills factors to participation in physical activities. The results of t-test showed that the skill factor is a barrier to participation in physical activity in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (Sig≤/001). The results of Freedman test showed that the statements of “Insufficient physical fitness” with average of 4.36, is the most importance factor and the statement of “Insufficient motor coordination” with average of 2.86 is the least important factor. The results showed that skill factors are considered as a barrier to participation in physical activity in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Therefore, in order to promoting participation in physical activities in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders, it would be necessary to consider skill barriers and develop strategies to overcome them.
•   کلمات کلیدی به انگلیسی : Autism Spectrum Disorders, Physical Activity, Barriers to Participation, Skill, Children
•  صفحات : 1-10
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